Association of Dysanapsis With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Among Older Adults.

TitleAssociation of Dysanapsis With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Among Older Adults.
Publication TypePublication
Year2020
AuthorsSmith BM, Kirby M, Hoffman EA, Kronmal RA, Aaron SD, Allen NB, Bertoni A, Coxson HO, Cooper C, Couper DJ, Criner G, Dransfield MT, Han MK, Hansel NN, Jacobs DR, Kaufman JD, Lin C-L, Manichaikul A, Martinez FJ, Michos ED, Oelsner EC, Paine R, Watson KE, Benedetti A, Tan WC, Bourbeau J, Woodruff PG, R Barr G
Corporate AuthorsMESA Lung, CanCOLD, and SPIROMICS Investigators
JournalJAMA
Volume323
Issue22
Pagination2268-2280
Date Published2020 Jun 09
ISSN1538-3598
KeywordsAged, Female, Forced Expiratory Volume, Humans, Lung, Male, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, smoking, Spirometry, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Vital Capacity
Abstract

IMPORTANCE: Smoking is a major risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), yet much of COPD risk remains unexplained.OBJECTIVE: To determine whether dysanapsis, a mismatch of airway tree caliber to lung size, assessed by computed tomography (CT), is associated with incident COPD among older adults and lung function decline in COPD.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A retrospective cohort study of 2 community-based samples: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) Lung Study, which involved 2531 participants (6 US sites, 2010-2018) and the Canadian Cohort of Obstructive Lung Disease (CanCOLD), which involved 1272 participants (9 Canadian sites, 2010-2018), and a case-control study of COPD: the Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcome Measures in COPD Study (SPIROMICS), which involved 2726 participants (12 US sites, 2011-2016).EXPOSURES: Dysanapsis was quantified on CT as the geometric mean of airway lumen diameters measured at 19 standard anatomic locations divided by the cube root of lung volume (airway to lung ratio).MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Primary outcome was COPD defined by postbronchodilator ratio of forced expired volume in the first second to vital capacity (FEV1:FVC) less than 0.70 with respiratory symptoms. Secondary outcome was longitudinal lung function. All analyses were adjusted for demographics and standard COPD risk factors (primary and secondhand tobacco smoke exposures, occupational and environmental pollutants, and asthma).RESULTS: In the MESA Lung sample (mean [SD] age, 69 years [9 years]; 1334 women [52.7%]), 237 of 2531 participants (9.4%) had prevalent COPD, the mean (SD) airway to lung ratio was 0.033 (0.004), and the mean (SD) FEV1 decline was -33 mL/y (31 mL/y). Of 2294 MESA Lung participants without prevalent COPD, 98 (4.3%) had incident COPD at a median of 6.2 years. Compared with participants in the highest quartile of airway to lung ratio, those in the lowest had a significantly higher COPD incidence (9.8 vs 1.2 cases per 1000 person-years; rate ratio [RR], 8.12; 95% CI, 3.81 to 17.27; rate difference, 8.6 cases per 1000 person-years; 95% CI, 7.1 to 9.2; P < .001) but no significant difference in FEV1 decline (-31 vs -33 mL/y; difference, 2 mL/y; 95% CI, -2 to 5; P = .30). Among CanCOLD participants (mean [SD] age, 67 years [10 years]; 564 women [44.3%]), 113 of 752 (15.0%) had incident COPD at a median of 3.1 years and the mean (SD) FEV1 decline was -36 mL/y (75 mL/y). The COPD incidence in the lowest airway to lung quartile was significantly higher than in the highest quartile (80.6 vs 24.2 cases per 1000 person-years; RR, 3.33; 95% CI, 1.89 to 5.85; rate difference, 56.4 cases per 1000 person-years; 95% CI, 38.0 to 66.8; P<.001), but the FEV1 decline did not differ significantly (-34 vs -36 mL/y; difference, 1 mL/y; 95% CI, -15 to 16; P=.97). Among 1206 SPIROMICS participants (mean [SD] age, 65 years [8 years]; 542 women [44.9%]) with COPD who were followed up for a median 2.1 years, those in the lowest airway to lung ratio quartile had a mean FEV1 decline of -37 mL/y (15 mL/y), which did not differ significantly from the decline in MESA Lung participants (P = .98), whereas those in highest quartile had significantly faster decline than participants in MESA Lung (-55 mL/y [16 mL/y ]; difference, -17 mL/y; 95% CI, -32 to -3; P = .004).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Among older adults, dysanapsis was significantly associated with COPD, with lower airway tree caliber relative to lung size associated with greater COPD risk. Dysanapsis appears to be a risk factor associated with COPD.

DOI10.1001/jama.2020.6918
Alternate JournalJAMA
PubMed ID32515814
PubMed Central IDPMC7284296
Grant ListR01 HL121270 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
K24 HL137013 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
U01 HL137880 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
P30 DK054759 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States
K23 HL130627 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
R01 HL077612 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
U24 HL141762 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
R01 HL093081 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
MS#: 
MS159
Manuscript Full Title: 
Association of Dysanapsis With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Among Older Adults.
Manuscript Lead/Corresponding Author Affiliation: 
Clinical Center: New York (Columbia University)
ECI: 
Manuscript Status: 
Published and Public